Vacuum fuel-feeder and carbureter.



Er P. NOYBS.

VACUUM FUEL FEEDER lAND GARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED sEPT.7,1911.

1,041,662@ lPatented 0ct.15,1912

noemen.

i sTnrEs l rr rien.

EDWARD Pl Norse, or wmcnnsrnu, Massacnusnrrs.

VACUUM FUEL-FEEDER AND CARBURETER.

Speccalton of Letters Patent.

Application tiled September 7, 19411;. Serial No. yGe8,l32.

To allwho/m it may concem: y Be it known that l, EDWARD P. Norris, a citizen of the United States, residing at .W'inchesten in the county of-Middlesex and Stat-e of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Vacu-Y um Fuel-Feeders and Carbureters, of which the following isa specification.

` Thisl invention relates to jet carbureters or atomizers of the constant-level type adapted to supply a combustible mixture for an explosion motor, and it relates more particularly tothe control of air pressures therein and the application of the motor suction to the purpose of lifting fuelto .the`

carbureter reservoir by atmospheric pressure.

'My invention provides improved means for automatically maintaining a uniform l suction or partial vacuum in the float-chamber or other constant-level reservoir of the carbureter regardless of what mayv be. the position of the throttle-valve (when the m`o.- tor is governed by. throttling), and it' further Vprovides for establishing, when desired, a pressure in said reservoir, which is uniformlyhigher than that at the air inlet w or inlets of the mixing-chamber, and is subject to 'regulative' adjustment in its relation to said inlet pressure.

My object is to embody these improvements in such a form that they may be applied to carbureters of the types in com- :non use. y

The accompanying drawing represents a vertical sectional view of a carbureter and fuel feeder ments.' y 'lO'nepresents the carbureter asa whole,

provided with my improvei and 11' represents the main fuel-supply Htank connected by a fuel-pipe 12 with the reservoir or doet-chamber 13 of the carbureter, sai'd float-chamber containing the usual lioat le and ,valve 15 controlled thereby,'for maintaining a pool of the liquid fuel at.. a constant level, and having anoutlet by way of an'open jet-nozzle 16, provided with ia needle-valve 1,7, into the primary air-pas-V sage 18. which forms a part of the mixing chamber, the latter being designated gens orally' bylnum'eral i9. The float-chamber 13 is or may be substantially sealed against uncontrolled air vents `or leakages.

20 Vis the primary air inlet extended to einhrace'the jet-nozzle i6 and connect with passage i8 for aspirating the fuel, and 21 is the secondary air inletto the mixing chambenlsaid secondary inlet having the l usuii'l automatic valve 22 loaded .by a spring 23 and designed to open when the pressure in the mixing-chamber has fallen somewhat lbelow thev pressure at the inlets 20 and 2l..k

24 is the ordinary throttle-valve, located in the mixture pipe 25 whiclrleads to the motor, for the purpose of controlling the performance of said motor.

It will be noted that tank 11 is below the ,level of the earbureter reservoir and is prof vided with a vent aperture 26 for admitting atmospheric pressure to the surface of the 'fuel in said tank.'I Heretofore the supply tank has usually been located above the carbureter so as to feed thereto by gravity (which involves liability to flooding and is sometimesran inconvenient location), or if situated'blow the carbureter, then thefuel has usually been pumpedup, or forced up by gaseous pressure in the tank furnished by means such as an air-pump, or the motor exhaust orrcylinder-pressure.

to establish a partial vacuum in the float .chamber 13..

27 is an air pipe having outlet branches 28, 29 leading to the primary and seconder inlets of the 'carbureter, and having an lin'- let branch provided with an automatic loaded-valve device 30 Whose operation in agenera-l way is equivalentto that of the secondary air-valve 22. Valve device 30 however commands, either directly or indirectly, thepressure of all ofthe air passing to the mixing-chamber ,19, and I prefer to construct it with a balanced valve 3l which controls then inlet to pipe 27 and is provided with a iston or septum 32 having on its lower s1 e the pressure of the external atmosphere tending to open the valve, and on its upper side, in 'a chamber 33 of the valve I casing 34, thepressure of pipe 27 Patented oet. is, raie.

Prior force-V feed methds have been open to various ob vby that of a spring 35, tending to close said valve. ln various prior patents I have described the construction ot' a Valve of this type, and its details are here unimportant. 'l`he range of valve 3l nui)1 be small in conlparison to the length and ,stillness ot spring 35, and the device E30 will then autou'iatieally maintain they pressure in pipe Qi' at a substantialljyY constant reduction from that ot? the atmosphere, the amount. of which reduction depends on`the weight of the moving parts and the pressure ot spring 235. The latter 1s subject to alteration by means of an adjusting member lt.

37 is a vacuum duet' connecting the upper space oftloat-ehainl. er I3 with pipe QT, and having an inlety 53S from the atmosphere oontrolled by a valve $59.

40 is a valve controllingl the flow of air tlufough this duct. and it will be noted that the portion ol said duet between the Valves 30 and 10 is virtually a part of the ail' space of the lioat-chainlwr. -lly adjusting valve 39 to a small opening and partially vsluitting the valve 40 then` ,may be established in the upper part. et the tloat-ehan'ilwr, when an air-flow is induced by the motel', a pres sure which is a mean between the atinos` pheric pressure and that in the pipe 27, and so long as the pressure in QT remains sub-v stantially constant the pressure in the tloatchamber will also remain substantially constant.

It will be readily lseen that the pipes E S7 and their a ppnrt enanees,can be furnished as an attachment to many existing types of carlnueters1 and the invention would further require onliv that the tloat-ehainlicr, "which usually has one or more uncontrolled air vents. should be sealed 'substantialliy airtight. The invention` however, could also be embodied in 'a earbureter specially con- .structed throughout.

For the purpose ot obtaining a differential pressure betaveen the tank 1l and .float-chamber 1S sufficient to li't't the fuel through a moderate vertical distance, the spring of valve-device 30 is adjusted to impose a moderate degree et' throttling upon the air entering the pipe Q7, and this reduced pressure` which may torexample be one pound below atmosphere, is communicated to the tient-chamber through 4the ductv 37. The amount of the required differential will dcpend on the height through which the fuel' is to helift-ed to the carburetor, and since an ordinary explosion motorv is capable" ot affording a vacuum of about halt' an atmosphere in its suction pipe. itis evident that the fuel could be lifted through a considerable distance. But in order that the maXi- -mum power of the .motor shall not. be greatly reduced. a comparatively light adjustment of spring 35 is advisable for normal run? ning. lVitii any fixed adjustment; of this spring the automatic action of the valve maintains the dill'erential substantiallyconslant and hence yields :uuniiorm fuel-supplying torce.

liv manipulating the adjusting device 3G it is of course possible to exercise a control over the power and speed of the motor in place ot', or auxiliary to the. control exercised by the posterior throttle-valve Q4, butin general, and particularly with earburetersI haring float-valve arrangements of the ordinary type, and where the pressure in the tank l1 is not controlled, ,l prefer to use the throttlevalve 2l for motor eontrol, because a large eti'eetire ditl'erential between the tank and. the float-chamber .iurposes an amountof work upon the ioat le!- which it might not; be able to sustain unless the valve or its eonneetions with the vtloat are specially designed to prevent iiooding.

` It valve. 39 is closed and valve y-l-tl opened, the air pressure in timlt-cliaitiber l?) will be the same as thatin pipe 2T, so that the eonditions of' the ordinary earbureter are reproduced with an artificial atmosphere. lil/lith valve 3S) slightly opened and valve 40 partly closed, a small current oi air passes through the duet 37 into pipe 2T and is choked by valve 40 so that the ressure in the floatchamber is above that in the pipe 27 and the needle valve 17 may be screwed farther in, or the aperture of the jet nozzle 16 otherwise reduced, to allow for the increased pressure-difference between the float-chamber and the mixingchamber, but the pressure in the float-chamber may still be low7 enough to provide the necessary suction for lifting the fuel from tank ll. On thel other hand, tank 1l might be raised above the carbureter or provided with any of the usual force-feed devices and theA pressure in the float chamber could be raised to that of the atmosphere by opening wide the valve 39, in which case thel uniform reduction of pressure caused' by valve device 30 would insure an adequate supply of fuel to thev opened, and the'` relative adjustment of it and valve 39 varied so as to provide a variable meanpressure in the float-chamber for the ]iurpose ofregulatingthe composition of the mixture,gthusfatording a subtstitute for or auxiliaryto the variation 'of mixture composition'accomplished by adjusting the Jfuel valve 17.l This improved method of.

regulating the mixture composition may also be, practised when.1 the parts are Iad-I jnstedV toV raise the ^tu'el ttrtlie carbureter 'by suction` I elaim,- vacuum pipe connecting the upper part of A earbureter Comprising a fuel reservoir the fuel reservoir with 'said zur pipe. provided with e, lConstant-level device, :1 In testimony whereof I have hereunto mixing chamber having a fuel inlet from v my hand in the presence of two subscribing 5 said reservoir and primary und secondary witnesses, this fifth dey of September 191.1. ziir-inlets. the secondary inlet having an eu- T ,f tomatic loaded Valve, an air pipe having EDlVAhD AP' bo'h outlet branches to the respective airjnlets litnesses: und an -inlet branch, an automatic loaded v C. F. BROWN, i0 valve controlling said inlet b rmioh, und a P. W. PEZZETTI. 

